By Adel Zaanoun with Rosie Scammell in Jerusalem

PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES – Negotiations to pause the Israel-Hamas war headed into a second day in Cairo on Wednesday (14), as Israel launched a series of deadly strikes on Lebanon, stoking fears of an escalating conflict in the region.

Mediators in Egypt were racing to secure a ceasefire and free the remaining hostages before Israel proceeded with a full-scale ground incursion into the Gaza Strip’s crowded far-southern city of Rafah.

A Hamas source told AFP that a delegation was headed to Cairo to meet Egyptian and Qatari mediators after Israeli negotiators held talks with the mediators on Tuesday (13).

Palestinian president Mahmud Abbas urged Hamas to “quickly complete a prisoner deal, to spare our Palestinian people from the calamity of another catastrophic event”.

CIA Director William Burns had joined Tuesday’s talks with David Barnea, head of Israel’s Mossad intelligence service, which Egyptian media said had been mostly “positive”.

US National Security Council spokesperson John Kirby described the negotiations as “constructive and moving in the right direction”.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, an outspoken critic of Israel’s conduct of the Gaza war, also arrived in Cairo Wednesday for talks with President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi.

With regional tensions high, Israel launched strikes on Lebanon hours after fire from Lebanon wounded multiple people in northern Israel, according to medics.

The strikes in south Lebanon killed four civilians including two children and wounded nine other people, a Lebanese security source told AFP, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Since the outbreak of the Hamas-Israel war on October 7, more than 240 people have been killed in Lebanon, most of them Hezbollah fighters but also including over 30 civilians.

Lebanese militant group Hezbollah has traded near-daily fire with Israeli troops since the outbreak of the war in Gaza, with tens of thousands displaced on both sides of the border.

– Rafah fears –

The potential for mass civilian casualties in Rafah has triggered urgent appeals, even from close allies, for Israel to hold off sending troops into the last major population centre they have yet to enter in the more than four-month-old war.

Key ally the United States has said it will not back any ground operation in Rafah without a “credible plan” for protecting civilians.

Rafah – where more than 1.4 million Palestinians are trapped – is the main entry point for desperately needed relief supplies and UN agencies have warned of a humanitarian disaster if an assault goes ahead.

UN humanitarian chief Martin Griffiths said any military operation “could lead to a slaughter”.

Terrified civilians have been locked in a desperate search for safety.

“My three children were injured, where can I go?” Dana Abu Chaaban asked at the city’s border crossing with Egypt, where she was hoping to be allowed across with her bandaged-up sons.

Pressure has grown on Egypt to open its border to Palestinian civilians, hundreds of thousands of whom have sought shelter in makeshift camps by the border where they face outbreaks of disease and a scarcity of food and water.

“For 100 days we enter the crossing and beg them to let us cross, or to do anything to help us,” Habiba Nakhala said.

US President Joe Biden has said civilians in Rafah “need to be protected”, calling them “exposed and vulnerable”.

But Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has stood firm and said that “complete victory” cannot be achieved without the elimination of Hamas’s last battalions in Rafah.

– ‘Critically important’ –

As the truce talks go on in Cairo, the Israeli military has kept up its bombardment of Gaza, with strikes on both Rafah and the southern city of Khan Yunis, where there has been heavy fighting.

The health ministry in the Hamas-run territory said Wednesday that 104 people had been killed overnight.

The World Health Organization sounded a warning Wednesday about an under-siege hospital in Khan Yunis, which it said it had been unable to contact for weeks.

“Civilians have been called to evacuate, which is extremely dangerous,” Rik Peeperkorn, the representative for the UN agency in the occupied Palestinian territory, told reporters.

Requests to assess and re-stock the hospital with medical supplies had been denied, he said, adding that “without support… this hospital might become non-functional too.”

Peeperkorn said Nasser was “a key hospital for all of Gaza. We cannot lose that hospital… this hospital is critically important”.

– ‘Terrible hell’ –

Some Gazans in Rafah were already packing up their belongings in readiness to move but others vowed to stay put, fearing even greater misery in the bombed-out hometowns they fled.

But there are mounting fears about food supplies and starvation across other parts of Gaza.

Ahlam Abu Assi said she “would rather die” in Rafah than return to the famine-like conditions facing relatives who stayed in Gaza City.

“My son and his children have nothing to eat. They cook a handful of rice and save it for the next day,” she told AFP. “My grandson cries from hunger.”

The Hamas attack that launched the war resulted in the deaths of about 1,160 people in Israel, mostly civilians, according to an AFP tally based on Israeli official figures.

At least 28,576 people, mostly women and children, have been killed in Israel’s response, according to the latest health ministry figures.

Around 130 of an estimated 250 people taken hostage by Palestinian militants during the attack are believed to remain in Gaza. Israel says 29 of them are presumed dead.

On Wednesday, around 100 representatives of the Gaza hostages flew to The Hague to file a “crimes against humanity” charge against Hamas leaders at the International Criminal Court.

Haim Rubinstein, from the campaign group Hostages and Missing Families Forum, said “we are the families of the hostages who have gone through and are still going through this terrible hell”.

– Agence France-Presse