WHO commends Sri Lanka’s deinstitutionalization approach to mental health

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By Editor_1

COLOMBO – The World Health Organization (WHO) has commended Sri Lanka’s focus on expanding community-based networks and deinstitutionalization aimed at enhancing its mental health services.

In its 2024 annual report, the world health body said Sri Lanka’s focus on expanding community-based networks and deinstitutionalization is a notable action.

“By transitioning from long-stay institutional care to community-based services, Sri Lanka aims to provide individuals with greater autonomy and support within their communities,” it noted.

In Sri Lanka, as in other South and East Asian states, mental health services are not accessible to some. There is also considerable stigma attached to mental health issues.

The report identified mental health conditions as a leading cause of years of healthy life lost to disability, with depression being the largest contributor, and schizophrenia the single most disabling condition.

WHO said one in seven people in the region live with a mental health condition and advocated for the reorganization of mental health services away from institutions and into community-based settings.

Currency crises followed by unemployment and redundancies are also affecting the socio-economic spheres of society.

“Most of the determinants of mental health lie outside the health sector, including social and structural determinants of mental health such as poverty, lack of education, stigma, discrimination, exclusion, and current and emerging challenges such as climate change, migration and economic downturns,” the reported noted.

Sri Lanka’s National Institute of Mental Health provides mental health care for all citizens at little to no cost.

According to Chathurie Suraweera, consultant psychiatrist from the National Hospital of Sri Lanka, yearly, Sri Lanka reports around 3,000 cases of suicide with about eight to nine cases reported every day.

In 2024, WHO launched several country support initiatives aimed at enhancing mental health services across the region.

The WHO’s Paro Declaration on universal access to people-centred mental health care and services, which advocates for revolutionary changes in mental health care, prioritizes wellbeing over disease-centred approaches.

Key transformations include:

– Person-centred care: shifting the focus from diagnosis and treatment to prevention, lifestyle and early interventions
– Community engagement: empowering individuals and communities to participate in mental health initiatives, reducing stigma and increasing awareness
– Holistic approach: adopting a bio-psychosocial model, recognizing mental health’s interplay with biological, psychological and social factors
– Decentralized care: moving from specialized tertiary care to community-based services, integrating mental health into universal health coverage.

In order to achieve these goals, WHO South-East Asia Region Member States have been urged to develop multi-sectoral policies that address mental health risks across the life course and reduce treatment gaps, ensuring accessible services without financial hardship.

“By adopting these transformative changes, we can revolutionize mental health care in the WHO South-East Asia Region,” the report said commending Sri Lanka’s implementation of mental health surveys, such as the FLII-11, which aims to inform policy decisions and resource allocation.

-economynext.com

Editor_1
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