Today In History

March 27 in History

1977 - Two Boeing 747 airliners collide on a foggy runway on Tenerife in the Canary Islands, killing 583 in the deadliest aviation accident in history

By Editor_1

Known as the Tenerife airport disaster, two Boeing 747 passenger jets collided on the runway at Los Rodeos Airport (now Tenerife North Airport) on the Spanish island of Tenerife on this day in 1977, the impact and resulting fire killing everyone on board KLM 4805 and most of the occupants of Pan Am 1736.  Only 61 survivors in the front section of the aircraft survived. With 583 fatalities, the disaster, which occurred when KLM Flight initiated its takeoff run while the Pan Am Flight was still on the runway, is the deadliest accident in aviation history.

A bomb set off by the Canary Islands Independence Movement at Gran Canaria Airport had caused many flights to be diverted to Los Rodeos, including the two aircraft involved in the accident. The airport quickly became congested with parked airplanes blocking the only taxiway and forcing departing aircraft to taxi on the runway instead. Patches of thick fog were drifting across the airfield, so visibility was greatly reduced for pilots and the control tower.

The subsequent investigation by Spanish authorities concluded that the primary cause of the accident was the KLM captain’s decision to take off in the mistaken belief that a takeoff clearance from air traffic control (ATC) had been issued. Dutch investigators placed a greater emphasis on a mutual misunderstanding in radio communications between the KLM crew and ATC, but ultimately KLM admitted that their crew was responsible for the accident and the airline agreed to financially compensate the relatives of all of the victims.

The disaster had a lasting influence on the industry, highlighting in particular the vital importance of using standardized phraseology in radio communications. Cockpit procedures were also reviewed, contributing to the establishment of crew resource management as a fundamental part of airline pilots’ training. The captain is no longer considered infallible, and combined crew input is encouraged during aircraft operations.

-ENCL/Wikipedia

 

Photo Caption – The two aircraft which were involved in the Tenerife Airport Disaster, hours before the disaster occurred – Wikipedia

 

Editor_1
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