March 23 in History
1976 - The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights enters into force, incorporating almost all the international human rights proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948
The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the multilateral treaty that commits nations to respect the civil and political rights of individuals, including the right to life, freedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, electoral rights and rights to due process and a fair trial, entered into force on this day in 1976 after its thirty-fifth ratification or accession. The treaty was adopted by United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2200A (XXI) on December 16, 1966. As of June 2022, the Covenant has 173 parties and six more signatories without ratification, most notably the People’s Republic of China and Cuba. North Korea is the only state that has tried to withdraw.
The ICCPR is considered a seminal document in the history of international law and human rights, forming part of the International Bill of Human Rights, along with the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
Compliance with the ICCPR is monitored by the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews regular reports of states parties on how the rights are being implemented. States must report one year after acceding to the Covenant and then whenever the Committee requests (usually every four years). The Committee normally meets at the UN Office at Geneva, Switzerland and typically holds three sessions per year.
-Wikipedia
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